cumulative advantage

Cumulative advantage refers to the idea that initial advantages lead to further advantages over time, creating a snowball effect. In the context of general knowledge, individuals who acquire knowledge early on—through education, experiences, or social connections—find it easier to gain more knowledge later. This happens because they build on their existing understanding, gain confidence, and often have better opportunities. Essentially, small initial benefits can accumulate and lead to significant disparities in knowledge or success over time, making it increasingly difficult for those who start with less to catch up.