Contractualism

Contractualism is an ethical theory that suggests moral principles are based on the idea of a social contract among individuals. It posits that moral norms are legitimate only if they can be accepted by all affected parties. Essentially, it asks what rules we would agree to if we were negotiating together, emphasizing fairness, mutual respect, and the consideration of everyone's interests. This theory highlights the importance of dialogue and consensus in determining what is right and wrong, rather than relying on fixed rules or authority. It encourages us to think about the implications of our actions on others.