Cardinality

Cardinality is a mathematical concept that refers to the number of elements in a set. In simpler terms, it tells us how many distinct items are in a collection. For example, if you have a set of fruits like {apple, banana, orange}, its cardinality is 3, as there are three different fruits. Cardinality can also describe infinite sets, such as the set of all natural numbers, which has an infinite cardinality. Understanding cardinality helps us compare different sets, determining if they have the same number of elements, or if one set is larger than another.