Bronsted-Lowry theory

The Brønsted-Lowry theory describes acids and bases based on their ability to donate or accept protons (H⁺ ions). An acid is a substance that can give a proton to another, while a base is one that can accept a proton. When an acid donates a proton, it becomes a conjugate base; when a base receives a proton, it becomes a conjugate acid. This theory emphasizes the transfer of protons during chemical reactions, helping us understand how acids and bases behave in different environments.