biogeographical history of Antarctica

Antarctica's biogeographical history is marked by significant climatic and geological changes. Originally part of the supercontinent Gondwana, it was home to lush forests and diverse wildlife around 100 million years ago. As Gondwana broke apart and Antarctica moved south, it became isolated and colder. Over millions of years, its flora and fauna adapted to harsh conditions, leading to the unique ecosystems we see today, including cold-resistant plants and animals. Today, Antarctica is crucial for understanding climate change and biodiversity, serving as a largely untouched natural laboratory for scientific research.