Berkeley's Immaterialism

Berkeley's immaterialism is the philosophical idea that physical objects do not exist independently of perception. He argued that what we consider to be material objects are actually collections of ideas experienced by our senses. For Berkeley, because we can only know objects through perception, their existence relies on being perceived. He famously stated, "esse est percipi," meaning "to be is to be perceived." Therefore, if nothing is perceiving an object, it loses existence. In essence, for Berkeley, reality is made up of minds and ideas rather than tangible, independent material objects.