Benthic zone

The benthic zone is the ecological region at the very bottom of a body of water, such as an ocean, sea, lake, or river. It includes the sediment surface and some layers beneath it. Organisms living here, called benthic organisms, range from simple bacteria and algae to larger creatures like crabs, worms, and starfish. This zone is essential for nutrient recycling, supporting marine life, and influencing the overall health of aquatic ecosystems. It varies in depth and environmental conditions, making it a diverse and vital component of aquatic environments.