B lymphocytes

B lymphocytes, or B cells, are a type of white blood cell that plays a crucial role in the immune system. They are responsible for producing antibodies, which are proteins that specifically target and neutralize pathogens like bacteria and viruses. When B cells encounter an antigen (a foreign substance), they can differentiate into plasma cells that secrete large amounts of antibodies. Some B cells become memory cells, providing long-term immunity by remembering past infections. This allows the immune system to respond more effectively if the same pathogen invades again in the future.