Ayyubids

The Ayyubids were a medieval Muslim dynasty founded in the 12th century by Saladin, known for uniting Egypt, Syria, and parts of the Arabian Peninsula. They rose to prominence during the Crusades, with Saladin famously defeating the Crusaders at the Battle of Hattin in 1187 and recapturing Jerusalem. The Ayyubids promoted art, architecture, and science, leaving a lasting cultural legacy. Their rule lasted until the late 13th century, when they gradually lost power to the Mamluks and other forces. The Ayyubid period is often remembered for its military prowess and significant contributions to Islamic civilization.