Archimedes (Archimedes of Syracuse)

Archimedes of Syracuse was an ancient Greek mathematician, physicist, and inventor, renowned for his contributions to geometry, calculus, and mechanics. He discovered principles such as buoyancy, famously stating, "Eureka!" upon realizing how objects float. Archimedes also devised the lever principle and devised ingenious war machines to defend his home city against invaders. His work laid foundational concepts for physics and mathematics, influencing future generations. Archimedes' methods anticipated integral calculus, and many of his discoveries remain integral to science and engineering today, highlighting his enduring legacy as one of history's great thinkers.