Antinuclear Antibody (ANA)

Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) are proteins produced by the immune system that mistakenly target the body’s own cells, often attacking the nuclei within them. Their presence can indicate autoimmune diseases, such as lupus or rheumatoid arthritis, where the immune system is overactive and causes inflammation. A blood test detects ANA levels, but having them doesn't definitively mean someone has an autoimmune disease, as some healthy individuals may also test positive. Doctors use ANA tests alongside other evaluations to diagnose and manage autoimmune conditions effectively.