Actor-Observer Bias

Actor-Observer Bias is a psychological phenomenon where people tend to attribute their own actions to external factors, like circumstances or environment (the "observer" perspective), while attributing others' actions to their character or disposition (the "actor" perspective). For example, if you fail a test, you might say it’s due to difficult questions, but if a friend fails, you might think they're not smart enough. This bias highlights how our perspective influences judgment: we see ourselves as products of our situation, while we perceive others as reflections of their inherent traits.