8. Schengen Agreement

The Schengen Agreement, established in 1995, allows free movement between 26 European countries without passport checks at their mutual borders. This means people can travel from one Schengen country to another as if they were within the same country. While this promotes ease of travel and trade, it also requires member states to maintain strict border controls at their outer edges. In terms of migration law, the agreement impacts how countries manage immigration, asylum, and security, as they must balance open borders with the need to effectively monitor and regulate who enters and stays in the Schengen zone.