Wave Theory

Wave Theory in optics describes how light behaves as a wave, which can be broken down into different frequencies, similar to how music can be composed of various notes. In Fourier Optics, this concept is used to analyze and manipulate light patterns by transforming them into simpler components (Fourier transforms). This allows scientists and engineers to understand complex optical systems, such as lenses and imaging, by studying these constituent waves. Essentially, Wave Theory provides a powerful framework for predicting how light interacts with objects and how we perceive images.