Wallace's Biogeography

Wallace's Biogeography, developed by naturalist Alfred Russel Wallace, explains how the distribution of plants and animals is influenced by geographical barriers and historical events. He proposed that different regions of the world, called "Wallace’s Line," have distinct species due to evolutionary processes. For example, the line separates Asian and Australian fauna, showing how landforms and water bodies shape species diversity. Wallace's work laid the groundwork for understanding ecological and evolutionary patterns, highlighting the importance of geography in biodiversity and conservation efforts.