Uruk period

The Uruk period, roughly from 4000 to 3100 BCE, marks a significant era in ancient Mesopotamia, particularly in the city of Uruk. It is characterized by the emergence of urbanization, complex societies, and advancements in technology and culture. During this time, writing (cuneiform) was developed, trade expanded, and monumental architecture, like ziggurats, was constructed. The period also saw the rise of centralized political structures and organized religions. This transformation laid the groundwork for future civilizations by influencing social organization, economic practices, and cultural developments in the region.