Ubaid period

The Ubaid period, roughly 6500–3800 BCE, was an early phase of ancient Mesopotamian civilization in present-day Iraq. It marked a time of significant cultural development, characterized by the growth of well-planned villages, distinctive pottery, and advancements in irrigation and agriculture. During this period, communities became more centralized and organized, laying the groundwork for later city-states like Ur and Uruk. The Ubaid culture also shows early religious practices and social organization, representing a crucial stage in the shift from simple society to more complex urban civilizations in early Mesopotamia.