Tumor suppressor

A tumor suppressor is a gene that acts like a brake on cell growth, helping to prevent cells from dividing uncontrollably, which can lead to cancer. When functioning properly, it detects DNA damage or abnormalities and either repairs the cells or triggers their death to avoid tumor formation. If the tumor suppressor gene is damaged or inactive, these control mechanisms fail, allowing cells to grow unchecked and potentially form tumors. In essence, tumor suppressors are critical for maintaining healthy cell behavior and preventing the development of cancer.