Tsar Ferdinand I

Tsar Ferdinand I was the ruler of Bulgaria from 1908 to 1918, and again from 1918 to 1918. He was born in 1861 and came from the prominent Saxe-Coburg and Gotha family. Ferdinand declared Bulgaria's independence from the Ottoman Empire in 1908 and was crowned Tsar. His reign saw Bulgaria involved in World War I on the side of the Central Powers, which led to internal unrest and his abdication in 1918. Despite challenges, he played a key role in shaping modern Bulgaria's early history, balancing European alliances and national interests during a turbulent period.