trophic interactions

Trophic interactions refer to the feeding relationships between organisms within an ecosystem. These interactions are organized into different levels, known as trophic levels. At the base, we have producers (like plants) that create energy from sunlight. Next are primary consumers (herbivores) that eat plants, followed by secondary consumers (carnivores) that eat herbivores. Finally, top predators are at the highest level. Decomposers break down dead organisms, returning nutrients to the soil. These connections form food chains and food webs, illustrating how energy and nutrients flow through the ecosystem, influencing population dynamics and ecological balance.