Energy flow

Energy flow is how energy moves through an ecosystem, starting from the sun, which provides light energy. Plants (producers) use this sunlight to create food through photosynthesis. Herbivores (primary consumers) eat the plants, gaining energy. Carnivores (secondary and tertiary consumers) eat herbivores or other animals. At each step, some energy is lost as heat. This transfer continues through various levels, maintaining the ecosystem's balance. Essentially, energy flows in a one-way path from the sun through different organisms, fueling life processes along the way.