Transmission routes

Transmission routes describe how infections spread from one person to another or through the environment. They include direct contact, such as touching or kissing; indirect contact via contaminated surfaces or objects; respiratory droplets from coughs or sneezes; airborne particles that stay suspended in the air; contaminated food or water; and vectors like mosquitoes. Understanding these routes helps prevent disease spread by practicing good hygiene, using protective equipment, and controlling environmental and vector exposure. Recognizing transmission pathways is essential for effective infection control and public health measures.