Tian (Heaven)

Tian (Heaven) in traditional Chinese thought represents a divine moral order that governs the universe and humanity. It is not a personified deity but an abstract force that embodies natural laws, harmony, and fate. Tian influences moral virtue and human behavior, emphasizing that aligning with its principles brings harmony and balance. It is often seen as the ultimate authority behind natural phenomena and moral righteousness, guiding rulers and individuals to act ethically. In essence, Tian signifies a universal power that sustains order and moral integrity in the cosmos and human society.