The Tanzimat Reforms

The Tanzimat Reforms, initiated in the Ottoman Empire during the 19th century (1839-1876), aimed to modernize and centralize the empire in response to internal and external pressures. These reforms included changes in administration, legal systems, education, and individual rights, promoting equality among citizens regardless of religion. The government sought to strengthen the state’s control and improve efficiency, while also addressing rising nationalism among various ethnic groups. Overall, the Tanzimat Reforms were an effort to modernize the Ottoman Empire and maintain its integrity amidst challenges from both Western powers and nationalist movements.