Stop-and-Wait

Stop-and-Wait is a basic communication method used in data transmission where the sender transmits one unit of data (like a packet) and then pauses to wait for an acknowledgment from the receiver before sending the next unit. This ensures that the data was received successfully, preventing loss and errors. Although this method is straightforward and reliable, it can be inefficient, especially in high-latency environments, as the sender is idle while waiting for the acknowledgment instead of continuously sending data.