Reference genome

A reference genome is a complete, standardized sequence of the DNA in a particular organism, often a human. It serves as a blueprint or template that scientists use to compare individual genetic samples. By aligning a person's DNA to this reference, researchers can identify genetic differences, mutations, or variations that may influence health, traits, or disease risk. Think of it as a detailed map that provides a common point of reference, enabling consistent and accurate comparison of genetic information across different studies and individuals.