Quantum Well

A quantum well is a thin layer of a semiconductor material that confines electrons in a very small space, allowing them to exist only at specific energy levels. This concept arises from quantum mechanics, where particles behave differently at small scales. In simpler terms, it's like creating a "trap" that restricts where electrons can move, leading to unique electrical and optical properties. Quantum wells are crucial in modern technologies, such as lasers and light-emitting diodes (LEDs), enhancing performance and efficiency in devices that rely on controlling light and electricity at the atomic level.