Physiological effects of diving

Diving exerts various physiological effects on the body due to changes in pressure underwater. As a diver descends, increased pressure compresses gases in the body, particularly nitrogen. This can lead to nitrogen narcosis—a feeling of euphoria or disorientation at depths. Ascending too quickly can cause decompression sickness, or "the bends," where dissolved gases form bubbles in the bloodstream. Additionally, breathing compressed air affects oxygen levels, potentially leading to oxygen toxicity at great depths. The body also experiences increased heart rate and changes in buoyancy, requiring skillful management to ensure safety and comfort underwater.