Philip the Fair

Philip the Fair, also known as Philip IV of France, ruled from 1285 to 1314. He is known for centralizing the French monarchy and expanding its power. His reign saw significant conflicts, including disputes with the Catholic Church, particularly with Pope Boniface VIII, leading to the pope's relocation to Avignon. Philip also imposed taxes on the clergy and nobility, creating tension among these groups. Additionally, he is recognized for his efforts to strengthen the state financially and politically, as well as for his role in the suppression of the Knights Templar, which showcased his ambition to consolidate power and wealth.