Philip III of France

Philip III of France, also known as Philip the Bold, was king from 1270 to 1285. He was the son of Louis IX and continued his father's policies. Philip aimed to strengthen royal authority and expand French territory. His reign saw the consolidation of the French monarchy, heavy taxation to fund wars, and conflicts with England. Though he faced challenges, including rebellions and financial issues, he helped solidify France's power in Europe. Philip's legacy includes his efforts in administrative reforms and fostering a sense of national identity during a transformative period in medieval France.