Penrose process

The Penrose process is a theoretical way to extract energy from a rotating black hole. In the black hole's vicinity, there is a region called the ergosphere, where spacetime is dragged around by the black hole’s rotation. If a particle enters this region and splits into two, one particle can fall into the black hole, while the other escapes with more energy than the original. This effectively allows some of the black hole’s rotational energy to be transferred outward, reducing its spin. This process illustrates how energy can be extracted from a black hole’s rotation through relativistic effects.