Particle Filters

Particle filters are a mathematical method used for estimating the state of a system that changes over time, particularly when the system is uncertain or noisy. Imagine tracking a moving object, like a car, using many “particles,” or hypothetical positions, instead of just one guess. Each particle represents a possible state based on previous observations and known rules. Over time, particles are adjusted according to new data, with the most likely positions receiving more weight. This process allows for a more accurate estimate of the object’s true location, even in challenging conditions.