oxidative damage

Oxidative damage occurs when molecules inside your body, called free radicals, react with important cells and tissues, causing them to become damaged. Free radicals are unstable molecules that can form during normal processes like energy production or from external sources such as pollution and smoking. If their activity isn't balanced by antioxidants, they can harm cells, DNA, and proteins, potentially contributing to aging and diseases like cancer or heart problems. Essentially, oxidative damage is like rust forming on metal—over time, it weakens and deteriorates the structure.