Optical interferometry

Optical interferometry is a technique that uses the interference of light waves to measure small distances, angles, or changes in surfaces with high precision. It involves splitting a beam of light into two paths that later recombine, creating patterns based on how the light waves interact. When the two paths differ even slightly—due to movement or changes in the environment—it causes shifts in the interference pattern. This method is widely used in fields like astronomy for observing distant stars and in engineering for testing the quality of optical components. Its accuracy makes it invaluable in scientific research and technology.