Optical fibers

Optical fibers are thin strands of glass or plastic that carry light signals over long distances. They work based on a principle called total internal reflection, where light bouncing within the fiber stays contained due to the fiber's reflective walls. This allows for fast and efficient transmission of data, making optical fibers essential for internet, telecommunications, and medical instruments. Their flexibility and ability to transmit high bandwidth signals without interference make them superior to traditional metal wires in many applications. Essentially, optical fibers are a key technology for modern communication.