NF-κB

NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) is a protein complex that plays a key role in regulating the immune response, inflammation, and cell survival. It functions as a transcription factor, meaning it helps turn on specific genes when needed. When the body detects stress, infection, or injury, NF-κB gets activated and moves into the nucleus of cells to initiate the production of proteins that defend against threats or repair damage. Proper regulation of NF-κB is essential for healthy immune function, but if it becomes overactive, it can contribute to chronic inflammation and diseases like cancer.