Mexica (Aztecs)

The Mexica, commonly known as the Aztecs, were a powerful Mesoamerican civilization that flourished in central Mexico from the 14th to early 16th century. They established their capital, Tenochtitlán (modern Mexico City), on an island in Lake Texcoco. The Aztecs are renowned for their sophisticated social structure, impressive architecture, and complex religious beliefs, including human sacrifices. They built a rich culture with advances in agriculture, art, and trade. Their empire was highly organized, but it was ultimately conquered by Spanish conquistadors led by Hernán Cortés in 1521, marking the end of their dominance.