Mendel's laws

Mendel's laws, derived from Gregor Mendel's experiments with pea plants, explain how traits are inherited. The first law, the Law of Segregation, states that each individual has two alleles for a trait, which separate during reproduction, so offspring inherit one allele from each parent. The second law, the Law of Independent Assortment, asserts that genes for different traits are passed to offspring independently of one another. Together, these laws laid the foundation for the field of genetics, helping us understand how traits are passed down through generations.