Medial collateral ligament (MCL)

The medial collateral ligament (MCL) is a strong band of tissue located on the inner side of the knee. It connects the thigh bone (femur) to the shin bone (tibia) and helps stabilize the knee joint, preventing it from buckling inward. The MCL provides support during activities that involve side-to-side movement, such as cutting or pivoting. Injuries to the MCL often occur from direct blows or twisting motions and can range from mild sprains to complete tears. Treatment may include rest, physical therapy, or surgery in serious cases, with most people regaining knee stability and function over time.