Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI)

Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) is a technique used in scientific labs to analyze large molecules like proteins and DNA. It works by embedding the sample in a special chemical matrix that absorbs laser energy. When a laser pulse hits, the matrix helps gently vaporize and ionize the molecules without breaking them apart. These charged molecules are then identified by measuring their mass-to-charge ratio, enabling researchers to determine their structure and weight accurately. MALDI is valued for its speed and ability to analyze complex biological samples with minimal damage.