John Bull (economist)

John Bull is a fictional character often used to represent England and its economic interests in literature and political discussions. Created in the early 18th century by John Arbuthnot, Bull embodies the traits of the British people—sturdy, honest, and practical. In economics, the term reflects themes of national identity, economic policies, and the role of the British economy in global contexts. Over time, John Bull has symbolized the British Empire, capitalism, and the economic ideologies associated with them, serving as a cultural touchstone in discussions about wealth and national character.