Þjóðveldisstjórn (Icelandic Commonwealth)

Þjóðveldisstjórn, or the Icelandic Commonwealth, refers to the period from 930 to 1262 when Iceland had a unique system of governance. During this time, Iceland operated without a king, relying instead on a council called the Althing, which was one of the world’s oldest parliaments. Decisions were made collectively by chieftains known as “goðar” who represented different regions. This system emphasized law and democracy, allowing for local autonomy while fostering a sense of community. Ultimately, the Commonwealth ended when Iceland entered a union with Norway, marking a shift in its political structure and governance.