International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty (ICISS)

The International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty (ICISS) was established in 2000 to address the complex relationship between state sovereignty and humanitarian intervention. It introduced the concept of "Responsibility to Protect" (R2P), which asserts that if a state fails to protect its populations from genocide, war crimes, ethnic cleansing, and crimes against humanity, the international community has a moral duty to intervene. ICISS aimed to find a balance between respecting a nation's sovereignty and ensuring that human rights are upheld globally. Its recommendations have influenced international discussions on intervention practices since then.