Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) curves

Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) curves are graphical representations used in hydrology and meteorology to describe rainfall events. They illustrate how intense a rainfall is (its intensity), how long it lasts (its duration), and how often such events are expected to occur (their frequency) over a period. For example, an IDF curve can show that a heavy rainfall lasting for two hours will occur once every 10 years. These curves are essential for designing drainage systems, managing water resources, and assessing flood risks, helping engineers and planners prepare for various weather scenarios.