in vitro studies

In vitro studies refer to experiments conducted outside a living organism, typically in a controlled laboratory environment, using cells or biological molecules. The term "in vitro" means "in glass," indicating that these studies often take place in petri dishes or test tubes. Researchers use in vitro methods to understand biological processes, test drugs, and explore disease mechanisms without the complexities of a whole organism. This approach can help scientists gather valuable insights while minimizing ethical concerns associated with testing on animals or humans, contributing to advancements in medicine and biology.