Generalized least squares

Generalized Least Squares (GLS) is a statistical method used to estimate relationships between variables when the data has certain complications, like varying levels of error. Unlike ordinary least squares, which assumes constant errors, GLS accounts for different error patterns by transforming the data. This makes GLS more accurate for specific situations, such as when observations are correlated or have unequal variance. Essentially, GLS helps researchers make better predictions and understand relationships in complex data by addressing these irregularities, leading to more reliable results in fields like economics, medicine, and social sciences.