GCTA (Genome-wide Complex Trait Analysis)

Genome-wide Complex Trait Analysis (GCTA) is a statistical method used to estimate the proportion of genetic variation in complex traits—like height, intelligence, or susceptibility to diseases—attributed to our genes. By analyzing the entire genome of many individuals, researchers can determine how much of the differences in these traits are influenced by inherited genetic factors. GCTA helps in understanding the genetic underpinnings of traits and can guide studies in genetics, medicine, and biology, particularly in identifying how genes interact with each other and with environmental factors.