fundamental interactions

Fundamental interactions are the basic forces that govern how matter and energy behave in the universe. There are four known types: 1. **Gravitational** – the attraction between masses, keeping planets in orbit. 2. **Electromagnetic** – the force between charged particles, responsible for electricity, magnetism, and light. 3. **Weak nuclear** – responsible for certain types of radioactive decay. 4. **Strong nuclear** – binds protons and neutrons together in atomic nuclei. These interactions dictate everything from the structure of atoms to the motion of galaxies, forming the foundation of physical science.