Flora of the Quaternary Period

The Quaternary Period, which began about 2.6 million years ago and continues today, is marked by significant climate fluctuations, including ice ages. During this time, diverse plant life developed and adapted to changing environments. Forests, grasslands, and tundra emerged as dominant ecosystems, supporting a variety of flora such as conifers, broadleaf trees, and flowering plants. The cooling climate and glacial advances led to shifts in plant distributions, with species migrating and evolving in response to new conditions. Today’s vegetation is a result of these long-term changes, influenced by both natural events and human activity.