festivals of Lupercalia

Lupercalia was an ancient Roman festival held in mid-February, honoring Lupercus, the god of fertility and shepherds. Celebrated by the Roman populace, it involved rituals such as the sacrifice of goats and a purification ceremony. Young men, called Luperci, would then run through the streets, lightly striking women with strips of goat hide, believed to promote fertility and ease childbirth. The festival aimed to celebrate love and health, bridging transitions from winter to spring. Over time, elements of Lupercalia influenced modern Valentine's Day, which also celebrates love and affection.